20570-8 Hematocrit [Volume Fraction] of Blood by calculation

Part Descriptions

LP16699-8   Erythrocyte
Erythrocytes or red blood cells (RBCs) are the cells in the circulation that carry oxygen to and remove carbon dioxide from the tissues throughout the body. They are produced in the bone marrow in response to erythropoietin where they transition through six stages over a seven day period. When they are released into the circulation, their nucleus has been extruded and they measure 6-8 microns in diameter. The lifespan of RBCs is about 120 days. When the RBC ages the cell membrane becomes less pliable and tears as they cell travels through the micro vessels of the body. The damaged RBCs are removed from the circulation by the spleen. Variations in number, shape and size of RBCs are indicative of many diseases and disorders. There are many factors that may lead to decreased numbers of RBCs including hemorrhage, hemolysis, iron or vitamin deficiency, marrow failure and more. Larger than normal RBCs may be indicative of liver disease while smaller than normal RBCs are seen in thalassemias and other anemias.(Mosby's manual of diagnostic and laboratory tests, Kathleen Deska Pagana; Timothy James Pagana, Elsevier St. Louis, Mo ©2010) Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Reference Information

Observation Required in Panel

Required

Type of Entry

Question expects user entry - requires response [Q]

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Erythrocyte/Blood

Property

VFr

Time

Pt

System

Bld

Scale

Qn

Method

Calculated

Basic Attributes

Class

HEM/BC

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0m

Last Updated

Version 2.79 (NAM)

Change Reason

Release 2.79: COMPONENT: Triggered by Coll w SCT:Hematocrit as a component is not an adequate description for a ratio, therefore Hematocrit is kept as a synonym, and the actual component is expressed as it should be:Erythrocyte/blood;

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

40

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Related Names

• Blood
• Calc
• Calculation
• Discocyte
• Erc
• Erythrocytes
• HEMATOLOGY/CELL COUNTS
• Percent
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• RBC
• Red blood cell
• Red blood cells
• Red blood corpuscle
• Red blood corpusles
• Red cell
• Red cells
• UniversalLabOrders
• Volfr
• Volume fraction
• WB
• Whole blood

Example Units

Related Codes

2339-0 Glucose [Mass/volume] in Blood

Part Descriptions

LP14635-4   Glucose
Glucose (C6H12O6) is a simple monosaccharide and monomer of carbohydrates. Glucose provides energy for cellular processes and aids metabolism within the body. When food is ingested, the carbohydrates within the food are broken down into glucose molecules. Blood glucose content is significant in determining an individual's overall state of health. An elevated blood glucose level is called hyperglycemia and a deficient blood glucose level is called hypoglycemia. When an individual is hyperglycemic and cannot properly regulate their blood glucose level they are considered diabetic. Type 1 diabetes is caused by the immune system attacking pancreatic beta cells (cells that produce insulin) and Type 2 diabetes is caused by insulin resistance. [MedlinePlus Encyclopedia:003482] Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Reference Information

Observation Required in Panel

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Type of Entry

Question expects user entry - requires response [Q]

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Glucose

Property

MCnc

Time

Pt

System

Bld

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

52

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Related Names

• Blood
• Chemistry
• Endocrine
• Endocrinology
• Glu
• Gluc
• Glucoseur
• Level
• Mass concentration
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• UniversalLabOrders
• WB
• Whole blood

Example Units

Related Codes

6298-4 Potassium [Moles/volume] in Blood

Part Descriptions

LP15098-4   Potassium
Potassium (symbol K from Latin:kalium) is a key chemical element involved in neuron function and influencing osmotic balance between cells and interstitial fluid. Depletion in potassium levels results in deficient fluid and electrolyte balance in the body as well as various nervous and cardiac dysfunctions. Studies suggest diets high in potassium can reduce the risk of hypertension and possibly stroke. Foods rich in potassium include parsley, dried apricots, potatoes, bananas, avocados, soybeans, and bran, as well as most fruits, vegetables, meat and fish. Overall, clear cases of potassium deficiency are rare in healthy individuals. Copyright Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ for details. Source: Wikipedia , Potassium (Wikipedia)

LP15098-4   Potassium
An element that belongs to the alkali group of metals. Symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the main cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte and it plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the water-electrolyte balance. Source: National Library of Medicine, MeSH 2006

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Potassium

Property

SCnc

Time

Pt

System

Bld

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0f

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

219

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Related Names

• Blood
• Chemistry
• k
• K+
• Level
• Point in time
• Potass
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• Substance concentration
• UniversalLabOrders
• WB
• Whole blood

Example Units

Related Codes

2947-0 Sodium (mEq/L)

Part Descriptions

LP15099-2   Sodium
Sodium (Na) is a positively charged electrolyte and a mineral. Eighty-five percent of Na is located in the blood and lymph fluid. The hormone aldosterone that is secreted by the adrenal glands helps to regulate Na levels by signaling the kidneys to either retain or secrete it. Damage or disease to the kidneys can lead to dangerous fluctuations of sodium. Na plays a number of key roles in the homeostasis of the human body. It helps to maintain blood volume by osmotically pulling water into the blood vessels. Too much sodium in the blood may cause too much water to be brought into the blood vessels and lead to high blood pressure. Muscles and nerves conduct electrical impulses that require charged particles including Na. The electrical currents cause muscle cells to contract and nerve cells to relay electrical signals between them. Too little sodium can lead to muscle spasms, cramps, headache, irritability, restlessness, nausea and fatigue. Extreme hyponatremia can lead to confusion, hallucinations, decreased consciousness and coma. Conversely, hypernatremia can cause lethargy or restlessness, deep tendon reflexes, muscle spasticity and seizures. Source: Regenstrief LOINC , Sodium healthy eating

Observation ID in Form

H15b

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Sodium

Property

SCnc

Time

Pt

System

Bld

Scale

Qn

Method

Long Common Name

Sodium [Moles/volume] in Blood

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

261

Member of these Panels

Member of these Groups Get Info

Language Variants Get Info

Related Names

• Blood
• Chemistry
• Level
• Na
• Na+
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• Substance concentration
• UniversalLabOrders
• WB
• Whole blood

Example Units

Related Codes

11558-4 pH of Blood

Part Descriptions

LP14752-7   pH
pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. It is defined as the cologarithm of dissolved hydrogen ions (H+). Hydrogen ion activity coefficients cannot be measured experimentally, so they are based on theoretical calculations. The pH scale is not an absolute one, it is relative to a set of internationally established standard solutions. pH 7.0 is considered neutral. Copyright Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ for details. Source: Wikipedia , pH

LP14752-7   pH
Potentia Hydrogenii, commonly known as pH, is a quantitative measurement of the acidity or basicity of a substance. A substance's pH value is based on a relative scale from 1-14 depending on the substance's proton ion concentration (H+). A higher proton ion concentration results in a lower pH value. Therefore, a pH value between 0 and 7 is an acidic substance whereas a pH value between 7 and 14 is an alkaline/basic substance. A pH value of exactly 7 is a neutral substance. [https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/SearchForm?Search=pH&action_ProcessSphinxSearchForm=Go] The specific pH value of the blood is crucial in maintaining bodily functions. When the blood pH value is below normal range it is called acidosis. When the blood pH value is above normal range, it is called alkadosis. Acidosis/alkadosis can be divided into two categories: metabolic and respiratory. [https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/blood-gases/tab/test/] Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Observation Required in Panel

Required

Type of Entry

Question expects user entry - requires response [Q]

Fully-Specified Name

Component

pH

Property

LsCnc

Time

Pt

System

Bld

Scale

SemiQn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0j-a

Last Updated

Version 2.75 (MAJ)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

428

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Related Names

• Blood
• Chemistry
• Kidney
• Log molar concentration
• Lung
• Nephrology
• Point in time
• Pulmonary
• Pulmonology
• Random
• Renal
• Respiratory
• SmQn
• WB
• Whole blood

Example Units

Related Codes

38230-9 Calcium.ionized [Mass/volume] in Blood

Part Descriptions

LP15458-0   Calcium.ionized
Low ionized calcium levels are common in critically ill patients with sepsis, renal failure, cardiac failure, pulmonary failure, post-surgery or burns. Monitoring of ionized calcium is particularly important in the unconscious or anesthetized patient, in whom unrecognized changes in calcium homeostasis may result in serious cardiovascular dysfunction with little of no prior warning signs. Decreased ionized calcium levels between 3 and 4 mg/dL are usually well tolerated, but the risk of cardiac arrest increases when ionized calcium levels approach 2.5 mg/dL. An ionized calcium level below 2.8 mg/dL is a reasonable threshold to begin calcium replacement therapy. Patients with hypotension or low cardiac output may require calcium replacement when ionized calcium falls below 3.2 to 3.6 mg/dL. Ionized calcium levels should be monitored during replacement therapy. Copyright Copyright © 2006 - 2008 ClinLab Navigator, LLC. Source: ClinLab Navigator , Ionized calcium

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Calcium.ionized

Property

MCnc

Time

Pt

System

Bld

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 2.13

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

589

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Related Names

• Blood
• Ca
• Ca-I
• Cal
• Calcium active
• Calcium free
• Chemistry
• Coagulation factor I
• ICA
• Ion
• Level
• Mass concentration
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• UniversalLabOrders
• WB
• Whole blood

Example Units

14627-4 Bicarbonate [Moles/volume] in Venous blood

Part Descriptions

LP15441-6   Bicarbonate
Bicarbonate is an electrolyte and typically measured along with other electrolytes (e.g. sodium, potassium, and chloride) to detect, evaluate, and monitor electrolyte imbalances. Low bicarbonate levels may occur in patients with Addison's disease, chronic diarrhea, diabetic ketoacidosis, and kidney disease. Increased levels may be seen in patients with severe vomiting, cushing syndrome, and metabolic alkalosis. Various drugs may also increase or decrease biocarbonate levels.[Lab Tests Online: co2]
Bicarbonate and total CO2 are not synonyms. Total CO2 = bicarbonate + CO2 + carbonic acid. Under normal circumstances, bicarbonate is the primary constituent of total CO2, however, in certain pathologic conditions, CO2 and/or carbonic acid contribute a clinically significant fraction of the total. Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Observation Required in Panel

Optional

Type of Entry

Question expects user entry - requires response [Q]

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Bicarbonate

Property

SCnc

Time

Pt

System

BldV

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0k

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

277

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Related Names

• BIC
• bicar
• Bicarb
• Bld ven
• Bld venous
• Blood - venous
• Blood ven
• Blood venus
• Chemistry
• HCO3
• Level
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• Substance concentration
• Venous

Example Units

1927-3 Base excess in Venous blood by calculation

Part Descriptions

LP15429-1   Base excess
Base excess refers to the amount of a strong acid required to bring back the blood pH to the normal value of 7.4. The term and concept were first introduced by Astrup and Siggaard-Andersen in 1958 as a way to measure the metabolic component of an acid-base disturbance.

Actual versus standard:
In vivo, acid-base homeostasis takes place throughout the extracellular fluid (ECF), not just the blood compartment that is in a patient specimen. The concept of "standard" base excess attempts to adjust for the base excess of the entire extracellular compartment by calculating the base excess for blood diluted as if the entire extracellular compartment were sampled (approx Hgb of 5g/l). So the ACTUAL base excess (ABE) is the dose of acid to return PLASMA to normal pH, whereas the STANDARD base excess (SBE) is the dose to return ECF to normal pH.

Adjusting for oxygen saturation:
Base excess normally assumes 100% oxygen saturation, which is valid for many arterial specimens. However, it is possible to add additional terms to the calculation which account for the actual oxygen saturation of the patient sample. The terms in LOINC indicating 'Base excess.100% oxygenated' are intended to encode base excess terms adjusted for oxygen saturation (i.e. do not assume 100% oxygenation). Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Observation Required in Panel

Optional

Type of Entry

Question expects user entry - requires response [Q]

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Base excess

Property

SCnc

Time

Pt

System

BldV

Scale

Qn

Method

Calculated

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Observation

Common Test Rank Get Info

701

Member of these Panels

Language Variants Get Info

Related Names

• Base ex
• BE
• Bld ven
• Bld venous
• Blood - venous
• Blood ven
• Blood venus
• BSE
• Calc
• Calculation
• Chemistry
• EXS
• Level
• Lung
• Point in time
• Pulmonary
• Pulmonology
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• Respiratory
• Substance Concentration
• Venous

Example Units

2705-2 Oxygen [Partial pressure] in Venous blood

Observation Required in Panel

Required

Type of Entry

Question expects user entry - requires response [Q]

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Oxygen

Property

PPres

Time

Pt

System

BldV

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

231

Member of these Panels

Language Variants Get Info

Related Names

• Bld ven
• Bld venous
• Blood - venous
• Blood ven
• Blood venus
• Chemistry
• Lung
• O2
• O2 partial pressure
• Partial pressure
• PO2
• Point in time
• Pulmonary
• Pulmonology
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• Respiratory
• tO2
• Venous

Example Units

Related Codes

2021-4 Carbon dioxide [Partial pressure] in Venous blood

Part Descriptions

LP15150-3   Carbon dioxide
CO2 content is a measurement of total CO2 in the blood. Most of it is in the form of bicarbonate (HCO3) controlled by the kidney. A small amount (5%) of CO2 is dissolved in the blood as insoluble carbonic acid (H2CO3). Changes in CO2 content generally relate to metabolic issues, renal function and unusual losses (diarrhea). Respiratory disease can ultimately effect CO2 content, but only slightly and only if prolonged. (Operational Medicine 2001, Arterial Blood Gas, Brookside Associates Medical Education Division) Source: Regenstrief Institute

Observation Required in Panel

Required

Type of Entry

Question expects user entry - requires response [Q]

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Carbon dioxide

Property

PPres

Time

Pt

System

BldV

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

237

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Member of these Groups Get Info

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Related Names

• Bld ven
• Bld venous
• Blood - venous
• Blood ven
• Blood venus
• Carbonic anhydride
• Chemistry
• CO2
• Partial pressure
• PCO2
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• Venous

Example Units

Related Codes

2746-6 pH of Venous blood

Part Descriptions

LP14752-7   pH
pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. It is defined as the cologarithm of dissolved hydrogen ions (H+). Hydrogen ion activity coefficients cannot be measured experimentally, so they are based on theoretical calculations. The pH scale is not an absolute one, it is relative to a set of internationally established standard solutions. pH 7.0 is considered neutral. Copyright Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ for details. Source: Wikipedia , pH

LP14752-7   pH
Potentia Hydrogenii, commonly known as pH, is a quantitative measurement of the acidity or basicity of a substance. A substance's pH value is based on a relative scale from 1-14 depending on the substance's proton ion concentration (H+). A higher proton ion concentration results in a lower pH value. Therefore, a pH value between 0 and 7 is an acidic substance whereas a pH value between 7 and 14 is an alkaline/basic substance. A pH value of exactly 7 is a neutral substance. [https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/SearchForm?Search=pH&action_ProcessSphinxSearchForm=Go] The specific pH value of the blood is crucial in maintaining bodily functions. When the blood pH value is below normal range it is called acidosis. When the blood pH value is above normal range, it is called alkadosis. Acidosis/alkadosis can be divided into two categories: metabolic and respiratory. [https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/blood-gases/tab/test/] Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Observation Required in Panel

Required

Type of Entry

Question expects user entry - requires response [Q]

Fully-Specified Name

Component

pH

Property

LsCnc

Time

Pt

System

BldV

Scale

SemiQn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.75 (MAJ)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

232

Member of these Panels

Member of these Groups Get Info

Language Variants Get Info

Related Names

• Bld ven
• Bld venous
• Blood - venous
• Blood ven
• Blood venus
• Chemistry
• Kidney
• Log molar concentration
• Lung
• Nephrology
• Point in time
• Pulmonary
• Pulmonology
• Random
• Renal
• Respiratory
• SmQn
• Venous

Example Units

Related Codes

3150-0 Inhaled oxygen concentration

Term Description

Percent e.g. 24% for Ventimask

Reference Information

Observation Required in Panel

Conditional

Type of Entry

Question expects user entry - requires response [Q]

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Oxygen/Gas.total

Property

VFr

Time

Pt

System

Inhl gas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CLIN

Type

Clinical

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Change Reason

Release 2.69: COMPONENT: Updated to more accurately reflect the Volume Fraction aspect of this term.;

Common Test Rank Get Info

859

Example Answer List LL738-6

Member of these Panels

Language Variants Get Info

Related Names

• CLIN
• Gases
• IhG
• Inhaled Gas
• Inspired
• Lung
• O2
• Percent
• Point in time
• Pulmonary
• Pulmonology
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• Respiratory
• tO2
• Tot
• Totl
• Volfr
• Volume fraction

Example Units

Related Codes

20506-2 Specimen drawn from

Observation Required in Panel

Optional

Type of Entry

Question expects user entry - requires response [Q]

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Specimen drawn from

Property

Type

Time

Pt

System

^Patient

Scale

Nom

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

SPEC

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0m

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Observation

Common Test Rank Get Info

1616

Member of these Panels

Language Variants Get Info

Related Names

• Nominal
• Point in time
• Random
• Spec
• Typ

Related Codes