2345-7 Glucose [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Part Descriptions

LP14635-4   Glucose
Glucose (C6H12O6) is a simple monosaccharide and monomer of carbohydrates. Glucose provides energy for cellular processes and aids metabolism within the body. When food is ingested, the carbohydrates within the food are broken down into glucose molecules. Blood glucose content is significant in determining an individual's overall state of health. An elevated blood glucose level is called hyperglycemia and a deficient blood glucose level is called hypoglycemia. When an individual is hyperglycemic and cannot properly regulate their blood glucose level they are considered diabetic. Type 1 diabetes is caused by the immune system attacking pancreatic beta cells (cells that produce insulin) and Type 2 diabetes is caused by insulin resistance. [MedlinePlus Encyclopedia:003482] Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Glucose

Property

MCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

6

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Related Names

• Chemistry
• Endocrine
• Endocrinology
• Glu
• Gluc
• Glucoseur
• Level
• Mass concentration
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SR
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

Related Codes

3094-0 Urea nitrogen [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Part Descriptions

LP14492-0   Urea nitrogen
Urea nitrogen is the waste product formed in the liver when proteins are broken down into their respective amino acids. Once proteins are metabolized in the liver, urea nitrogen is released from the liver to the kidneys via the bloodstream. The kidneys then filter the urea nitrogen out of the bloodstream into the urine. Although the kidneys filter out most of the urea nitrogen in the blood, small traces of stable urea nitrogen remain in circulation. To evaluate kidney function, a blood urea nitrogen test (BUN test) is conducted. High amounts of urea nitrogen in the BUN test indicate complications with kidney function or decreased blood flow to the kidneys. A decrease in urea nitrogen in the BUN test is indicative of severe liver disease or malnutrition. Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Reference Information

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Urea nitrogen

Property

MCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

9

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Related Names

• Blood urea nitrogen
• BUN
• Chemistry
• Kidney
• Level
• Mass concentration
• N
• N2
• Nephrology
• Nit
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• Renal
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SR
• UN
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

2160-0 Creatinine [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Part Descriptions

LP14355-9   Creatinine
Creatinine or creatine anhydride, is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate in muscle. The loss of water molecule from creatine results in the formation of creatinine. It is transferred to the kidneys by blood plasma, whereupon it is eliminated by glomular filtration and partial tubular excretion. Creatinine is usually produced at a fairly constant rate and measuring its serum level is a simple test. A rise in blood creatinine levels is observed only with marked damage to functioning nephrons; therefore this test is not suitable for detecting early kidney disease. Creatine and creatinine are metabolized in the kidneys, muscle, liver and pancreas. Copyright Copyright ©2005-2009 Genome Alberta (Reference to original publication: Wishart DS, Knox C, Guo AC, et al. HMDB: a knowledgebase for the human metabolome. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 37(Database issue):D603-610.) Source: Human Metabolome Database, Creatinine

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Creatinine

Property

MCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

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Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

4

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Related Names

• Chemistry
• CR
• Crea
• Creat
• Kidney
• Level
• Mass concentration
• Nephrology
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• Renal
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SR
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

17861-6 Calcium [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Part Descriptions

LP15257-6   Calcium
Calcium is the most plentiful mineral in the human body. Ninety-nine percent is stored in the bones and teeth where it provides structure and functionality. The remaining 1% of the body's calcium is necessary for vascular contraction and vasodilation, muscle function, nerve transmission, intracellular signaling, and hormonal secretion. Serum calcium levels do not fluctuate in response to dietary intake. Bone tissue is the reservoir for calcium and helps to maintain concentrations in the blood, the muscle, and intercellular fluids. As humans age, the bone is constantly being laid down and reabsorbed. In growing children, bone formation exceeds that of bone resorption. In young and middle-aged adults, the bone formation and resorption is about equal. In older adults, especially in post-menopausal women, bone loss exceeds that of bone formation, which is why their risk for osteoporosis continues to increase as they age.https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Calcium-HealthProfessional/ Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Calcium

Property

MCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0l

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

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10

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Related Names

• Ca
• Cal
• Chemistry
• Level
• Mass concentration
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SR
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

Related Codes

2777-1 Phosphate [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Part Descriptions

LP14912-7   Phosphate
Phosphate levels are checked to see if a patient has a kidney or bone-related disease or to identify problems with certain glands, such as the parathyroid glands. Phosphate is a salt of phosphoric acid. In organic chemistry, a phosphate, or organophosphate, is an ester of phosphoric acid. The body needs phosphate to build and repair bones and teeth and to help the nervous system function. A high level of phosphate in the blood is usually caused by a kidney problem since they help control the amount of phosphate in the blood. Phosphate levels also affects the level of calcium in the blood, so both calcium and phosphate levels are usually measured at the same time. In animals, rat poison containing phosphorus has been responsible for intoxication, including secondary poisoning. Chemical tests must be used for confirmation since clinical and pathological findings are usually not sufficient. Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Phosphate

Property

MCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

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55

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Related Names

• Chemistry
• i Phos
• Inorganic phosphate
• Level
• Mass concentration
• Phos
• Phosphate total
• Phosphorous
• Phosphorus
• Phosphrous
• Pi
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• PO4
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SR
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

2885-2 Protein [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Term Description

Although there is a qualitative difference between total protein in plasma and serum, the QUANTITATIVE difference is small and probably not clinically significant, therefore, system of SER/PLAS is acceptable. The protein concentration that is reported in electrophoresis is the same as that reported routinely.

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Protein

Property

MCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

23

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Related Names

• Chemistry
• Level
• Mass concentration
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• Point in time
• PR
• Prot
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SR
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

1751-7 Albumin [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Part Descriptions

LP6118-6   Albumin
A non-glycosylated protein that is synthesized in the liver parenchymal cells, regulated by colloid osmotic pressure from interstitial fluid surrounding hepatocytes, and catabolized in nearly all organs. Albumin comprises >50% of plasma proteins in plasma, CSF and urine, and therefore is a key contributor to intravascular oncotic pressure and regulating fluid concentration in tissues. Albumin also binds and transports a variety of endogenous substances and medications. Serum albumin measurement is a reflection of hydration and nutritional status, blood oncotic pressure, liver and kidney function, and other chronic diseases, and the ratio of albumin in the CSF and serum can be used to evaluate blood brain barrier disorders. [Tietz] Urine albumin of less than 30 mg/day is considered normal. Microalbuminuria is defined as urine albumin of 30-300 mg/day and is an early sign of kidney damage from disorders such as diabetes or hypertension. Albuminuria is urine albumin >300 mg/day and is associated with overt kidney disease. PMID: 25512779 Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Albumin

Property

MCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

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39

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Related Names

• Alb
• Chemistry
• Hepatology
• Kidney
• Level
• Liver
• Mass Concentration
• Nephrology
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• Point in time
• Protein.albumin
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• Renal
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SR
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

1975-2 Bilirubin.total [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Term Description

Method can be DIRECT SPECTOPHOTOMETRY, WET CHEMISTRY or DRY SLIDE (TBIL)

Part Descriptions

LP15448-1   Bilirubin
Bilirubin is an orange-yellow pigment produced by the normal breakdown of heme, a component of the hemoglobin found in red blood cells. It is processed by the liver and excreted in bile. Conditions that cause red blood cell breakdown or interfere with liver or bile processing can cause elevated levels of bilirubin. Bilirubin exists in many forms. Non-glucuronidated bilirubin (also called unconjugated or indirect) is the breakdown product of heme and is not water-soluble. Hemolytic anemias, which cause increased red blood cell breakdown, are one cause of elevated non-glucuronidated bilirubin. Glucuronidated bilirubin (also called conjugated) is a water-soluble form of bilirubin that is made in the liver by the addition of sugar molecules to non-glucuronidated bilirubin. Conditions that affect liver function (such as hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver tumors) or physically block the bile ducts (such as gallstones) can cause elevated levels of glucuronidated bilirubin. A third form of bilirubin is that which is bound to albumin, and it is also known as delta bilirubin because it was originally identified based on the unexpected difference between the total bilirubin level and the level of glucuronidated plus non-glucuronidated bilirubin in some patient samples. Prior to the discovery of albumin-bound bilirubin, the term "direct" bilirubin was used as a synonym for glucuronidated bilirubin, but direct bilirubin is actually glucuronidated plus delta bilirubin (bilirubin covalently bound to albumin). Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Reference Information

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Bilirubin

Property

MCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

22

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Related Names

• Bili
• Bilirubins
• Billirubin
• Chemistry
• Hematology
• Heme
• Hepatology
• Level
• Liver
• Mass Concentration
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SR
• TBIL
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

Related Codes

6768-6 Alkaline phosphatase [Enzymatic activity/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Part Descriptions

LP15346-7   Alkaline phosphatase
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.1. Source: National Library of Medicine, MeSH 2006

LP15346-7   Alkaline phosphatase
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP, ALKP) is a hydrolase enzyme responsible for removing phosphate groups from many types of molecules, including nucleotides, proteins, and alkaloids. ALP is present in all tissues throughout the entire body, but is particularly concentrated in liver, bile duct, kidney, bone, and the placenta. Humans and most other mammals contain the following ALP isozymes: ALPI (intestinal), ALPL (tissue non-specific, liver/bone/kidney), and ALPP (placental, aka Regan isozyme).

The normal range of alkaline phosphatase is 20 to 140 IU/L. High ALP levels are present in children and pregnant women, if bile ducts are blocked, and in the presence of osteoblast activity, such as with Paget's disease of the bone. Lowered levels of ALP are less common than elevated levels and occurs in various conditions, including aplastic and pernicious anemias, chronic myelogenous leukemia, Wilson's disease, children with severe enteritis, and postmenopausal women on estrogen therapy for osteoporosis. Copyright Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ for details. Source: Wikipedia, Alkaline phosphatase (Wikipedia)

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Alkaline phosphatase

Property

CCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0h(2)

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

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26

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Related Names

• Alk
• Alk phos
• Alkaline phos
• Alkaline phosphatase.total
• ALKP
• ALP
• AP
• Catalytic Concentration
• Chemistry
• Hepatology
• Liver
• MSK
• Musculoskeletal
• Ortho
• Orthopedics
• Phos
• Phosphtase
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SR
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

1920-8 Aspartate aminotransferase [Enzymatic activity/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Part Descriptions

LP15426-7   Aspartate aminotransferase
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is an enzyme that is released by injured muscle cells and liver cell and is predominately found in the liver and heart. AST levels in the blood are most often used to monitor liver damage. AST is typically tested in conjunction with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) when a liver panel is ordered. High levels of AST in the bloodstream could indicate hepatitis, drug damage to the liver, cirrhosis, alcoholism, or other liver disorders. Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Aspartate aminotransferase

Property

CCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

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27

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Related Names

• Asp
• Aspartate amino transferase
• Aspartate transaminase
• Aspartic acid
• AST
• Catalytic Concentration
• Chemistry
• Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase
• Hepatology
• Liver
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SGOT
• SR
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

2951-2 Sodium [Moles/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Part Descriptions

LP15099-2   Sodium
Sodium (Na) is a positively charged electrolyte and a mineral. Eighty-five percent of Na is located in the blood and lymph fluid. The hormone aldosterone that is secreted by the adrenal glands helps to regulate Na levels by signaling the kidneys to either retain or secrete it. Damage or disease to the kidneys can lead to dangerous fluctuations of sodium. Na plays a number of key roles in the homeostasis of the human body. It helps to maintain blood volume by osmotically pulling water into the blood vessels. Too much sodium in the blood may cause too much water to be brought into the blood vessels and lead to high blood pressure. Muscles and nerves conduct electrical impulses that require charged particles including Na. The electrical currents cause muscle cells to contract and nerve cells to relay electrical signals between them. Too little sodium can lead to muscle spasms, cramps, headache, irritability, restlessness, nausea and fatigue. Extreme hyponatremia can lead to confusion, hallucinations, decreased consciousness and coma. Conversely, hypernatremia can cause lethargy or restlessness, deep tendon reflexes, muscle spasticity and seizures. Source: Regenstrief LOINC, Sodium healthy eating

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Sodium

Property

SCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

5

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Related Names

• Chemistry
• Level
• Na
• Na+
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SR
• Substance concentration
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

Related Codes

2823-3 Potassium [Moles/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Part Descriptions

LP15098-4   Potassium
Potassium (symbol K from Latin:kalium) is a key chemical element involved in neuron function and influencing osmotic balance between cells and interstitial fluid. Depletion in potassium levels results in deficient fluid and electrolyte balance in the body as well as various nervous and cardiac dysfunctions. Studies suggest diets high in potassium can reduce the risk of hypertension and possibly stroke. Foods rich in potassium include parsley, dried apricots, potatoes, bananas, avocados, soybeans, and bran, as well as most fruits, vegetables, meat and fish. Overall, clear cases of potassium deficiency are rare in healthy individuals. Copyright Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ for details. Source: Wikipedia, Potassium (Wikipedia)

LP15098-4   Potassium
An element that belongs to the alkali group of metals. Symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the main cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte and it plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the water-electrolyte balance. Source: National Library of Medicine, MeSH 2006

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Fully-Specified Name

Component

Potassium

Property

SCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Common Test Rank Get Info

7

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Related Names

• Chemistry
• k
• K+
• Level
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• Point in time
• Potass
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SR
• Substance concentration
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

2075-0 Chloride [Moles/volume] in Serum or Plasma

Part Descriptions

LP15483-8   Chloride
The chloride ion is formed when the element chlorine picks up one electron to form an anion negatively-charged ion Cl−. The salts of hydrochloric acid contain chloride ions and can also be called chlorides. Copyright Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ for details. Source: Wikipedia, Chloride

LP15483-8   Chloride
Chloride is an essential mineral required by humans that is found mainly in body fluids. It is an important, negatively charged ion in the blood, and a major electrolyte that helps to conduct electrical impulses. Electrolytes including chloride are located in the blood, lymph, and intra- and extra-cellular fluid. Chloride helps to regulate osmolarity by offsetting the positively charged sodium and potassium ions in the serum. It combines with hydrogen to form hydrochloric acid in the digestive tract which breaks down proteins, absorbs metallic minerals, and activates intrinsic factor. Chloride is absorbed both actively and passively in order to help maintain extracellular fluid volume. There is a continuous exchange of chloride and bicarbonate that occurs between the red blood cells and the plasma that controls the pH and excretion of carbon dioxide, a waste product of respiration.https://traceminerals.com/chloride-the-forgotten-essential-mineral/ Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Fully-Specified Name

Component

Chloride

Property

SCnc

Time

Pt

System

Ser/Plas

Scale

Qn

Method

Basic Attributes

Class

CHEM

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 1.0

Last Updated

Version 2.73 (MIN)

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Common Test Rank Get Info

8

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Related Names

• Chemistry
• Cl
• Cl-
• Level
• Pl
• Plasma
• Plsm
• Point in time
• QNT
• Quan
• Quant
• Quantitative
• Random
• SerP
• SerPl
• SerPlas
• Serum
• Serum or plasma
• SR
• Substance concentration
• UniversalLabOrders

Example Units

Related Codes