88722-4

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype [Type] in Isolate

Active

Part Descriptions

LP14410-2   Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae are gram-positive cocci that are nonmotile and nonsporulating and usually require complex culture media. Older streptococcal cultures, beyond the most active growth period (the logarithmic phase), sometimes lose their gram-positive staining characteristics. S. pneumoniae are part of the normal respiratory tract flora. Disease usually results due to the acquisition of a new strain following a change in the normal flora, often due to a preceding virus. S. pneumonaie causes otitis media, sinusitis and pneumonia in the middle ear, sinuses or lungs, respectively. Meningitis can occur by bloodstream invasion from the lungs or by extension of otitis media or sinusitis to the meninges. Bacteremia can result in osteomyelitis (infection of bones) or arthritis (of joints). Most bacterial pneumonia occurring after the neonatal period is caused by S. pneumoniae. Pneumococcal pneumonia is seen most commonly in elderly or immunosuppressed individuals. In the United States, it is most prevalent in winter. Diagnosis is usually based on a sputum Gram stain and culture although blood or cerebrospinal fluid may be cultured. While penicillin has been the standard treatment, some strains have proven resistant to penicillin and multiple antibiotics. A vaccine exists. [NCBI Books:NBK7611] Source: Regenstrief LOINC

LP253527-8   Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype
Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen whose virulence is based primarily on its polysaccharide capsule, which protects it by shielding it from the immune system. Over time, study of the polysaccharide capsule has identified multiple serogroups and serotypes. Serotypes are defined based on the chemical structure and immunologic properties of the polysaccharide, and each serogroup contains one or more serotypes that elicit the same antibody response. Over time, two parallel serogroup and serotype naming systems arose, one in the U.S. and one in Denmark, but more recently, the Danish naming system is the one that has been widely adopted, including in the U.S. Beginning with the June 2017 release, LOINC adopted the Danish numbering system in the Component for all pneumococcal terms.
Out of more than 90 serotypes identified to date, only a third have been implicated in invasive disease, and there is also an association between specific serotypes, patient age, and mortality rate. For example, serotypes 1 and 5 are associated with invasive disease, and historically, serogroups 6, 14, 18, and 19 were more common among young children while serotype 3 was more common in the elderly. Vaccines have changed the prevalence of different serotypes and serogroups. Pneumococcal vaccines target the serotypes that are commonly implicated in human disease, and over time, the number of targeted serotypes have increased from 7 to 23. While widespread vaccination has significantly decreased the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease caused by the serotypes covered by those vaccines, it has also caused a change in serotype prevalence in that strains that were rare are becoming more common. Therefore, determining the specific serotype responsible for new cases is important for epidemiologic tracking and future vaccine development.
PMID: 26085553 Source: Regenstrief LOINC

LOINC Names Get Info

Fully-Specified Name

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype:Type:Pt:Isolate:Nom:

Long Common Name

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype [Type] in Isolate

Short Name

S pneum Sertyp Islt

Display Name

S. pneumoniae serotype Nom (Isol)

Consumer Name Alpha Get Info

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype

Part Model Get Info

• Component

  Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype
  LP249323-9

  • Analyte

    Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype
    LP249323-9

    • Component Numerator

      Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype
      LP249323-9

      • Component Numerator Core

        Streptococcus pneumoniae
        LP14410-2

      • Component Numerator Core Suffix

        serotype
        LP29274-5

    • Component Denominator

      NULL
       

      • Component Denominator Core

        NULL
         

      • Component Denominator Core Suffix

        NULL
         

  • Challenge

    NULL
     

  • Adjustment

    NULL
     

  • Count

    NULL
     

• Property

  Type
  LP6886-8

• Time

  Pt
  LP6960-1

  • Time Core

    Pt
    LP6960-1

  • Time Modifier

    NULL
     

• System

  Isolate
  LP7370-2

  • System Core

    Isolate
    LP7370-2

  • Super System

    NULL
     

• Scale

  Nom
  LP7750-5

• Method

  NULL
   

Preferred Answer List: LL4346-4

Basic Attributes

Class

MICRO

Type

Laboratory

First Released

Version 2.64

Last Updated

Version 2.64 (ADD)

Order vs. Observation

Both

Language Variants Get Info

Related Names

• ID
• Infectious Disease
• InfectiousDisease
• Islt
• Isol
• Microbiology
• Nominal
• Pneu
• pneum
• Pneumo
• Pneumococ
• Pneumococcal
• Pneumococcal pneumonia
• Pneumococcus
• Pneumon
• Pneumonia
• Point in time
• Random
• S pneum serotype
• S pneumo
• S pneumoniae
• Sertyp
• Spn
• Strep
• Strept
• Typ

LOINC Terminology Service (API) using HL7^® FHIR^® Get Info

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CodeSystem lookup

https://fhir.loinc.org/CodeSystem/$lookup?system=http://loinc.org&code=88722-4

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LOINC Copyright

Copyright © Regenstrief Institute, Inc. All Rights Reserved. To the extent included herein, the LOINC table and LOINC codes are copyright © Regenstrief Institute, Inc. and the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) Committee. See https://loinc.org/license for the full LOINC copyright and license.