LP113695-3
Carbapenem resistance genes
Active
Description
Carbapenems are stable to AmpC β-lactamases and extended-spectrum-β-lactamases. Carbapenemases are a diverse group of b-lactamases that are active not only against the oxyimino-cephalosporins and cephamycins but also against the carbapenems. Aztreonam is stable to the metallo-β-lactamases but many IMP and VIM producers are resistant, owing to other mechanisms. Carbapenemases were formerly believed to derive only from classes A, B, and D, but a class C carbapenemase has been described.
IMP-type carbapenemases (one of the metallo-β-lactamases)(class B): Plasmid-mediated IMP-type carbapenemases, 17 varieties of which are currently known, found in enteric Gram-negative organisms, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter species.
VIM (Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase): A second growing family of carbapenemases, the VIM family, VIM enzymes occur mostly in P. aeruginosa, also P. putidaand, very rarely, Enterobacteriaceae.
Both IMP and VIM hydrolyse all β-lactams except monobactams, and evade all β-lactam inhibitors.
OXA (oxacillinase) group of β-lactamases (Class D): The OXA group of β-lactamases occur mainly in Acinetobacter species and are divided into two clusters. OXA carbapenemases hydrolyse carbapenems very slowly in vitro, and the high MICs seen for some Acinetobacter hosts (>64 mg/L) may reflect secondary mechanisms. They are sometimes augmented in clinical isolates by additional resistance mechanisms, such as impermeability or efflux. OXA carbapenemases also tend to have a reduced hydrolytic efficiency towards penicillins and cephalosporins.
KPC (K. pneumoniae carbapenemase) (Class A): A few class A enzymes, most noted the plasmid-mediated KPC enzymes, are effective carbapenemases as well. Ten variants, KPC-2 through KPC-11 are known, and they are distinguished by one or two amino-acid substitutions
The class A Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) is currently the most common carbapenemase.
CMY (Class C): The first class C carbapenemase was described in 2006 and was isolated from a virulent strain of Enterobacter aerogenes. It is carried on a plasmid, pYMG-1, and is therefore transmissible to other bacterial strains.
Copyright Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ for details.
Source: Wikipedia, Wikipedia
Basic Part Properties
- Part Display Name
- Carbapenem resistance genes
- Part Type
- Component (Describes the core component or analyte measured)
- Created On
- 2011-01-20
- Construct for LOINC Short Name
- CPR genes
LOINC Terminology Service (API) using HL7® FHIR® Get Info
Requests to this service require a free LOINC username and password. Below is a sample of the possible capabilities. See the LOINC Terminology Service documentation for more information.
- CodeSystem lookup
- https:
//fhir.loinc.org/CodeSystem/$lookup?system=http: //loinc.org&code=LP113695-3
Language Variants Get Info
| Tag | Language | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| zh-CN | Chinese (China) | 碳青霉烯类耐药基因 Synonyms: 碳青霉烯类（碳青霉烯类抗生素、 |
| fr-CA | French (Canada) | Gène de résistance à Carbapénème |
| es-ES | Spanish (Spain) | Genes de resistencia a carbapenamos |
| it-IT | Italian (Italy) | Geni carbapenem resistenti Synonyms: Geni carbapenem resistenti |
| tr-TR | Turkish (Turkey) | Karbapenemaz direnç genleri |
| ru-RU | Russian (Russian Federation) | Карбапенемаза резистентность гены |
| nl-NL | Dutch (Netherlands) | carbapenemresistentie-genen |
| fr-BE | French (Belgium) | Gène de résistance à Carbapénémase |
LOINC Copyright
Copyright © 2024 Regenstrief Institute, Inc. All Rights Reserved. To the extent included herein, the LOINC table and LOINC codes are copyright