LP16832-5

Polychlorinated biphenyl

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Descriptions

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of organic compounds with 1 to 10 chlorine atoms attached to biphenyl and a general chemical formula of C12 H10-x Clx. Most of the 209 congeners of PCB are colorless, odorless crystals. The commercial mixtures are clear viscous liquids (the more highly chlorinated mixtures are more viscous, for example, Aroclor 1260 is a sticky resin). Although the physical and chemical properties vary widely across the class, PCBs have low water solubilities and low vapor pressures. They are soluble in most organic solvents, oils, and fats. PCBs are very stable compounds and do not degrade readily. However, under specific conditions they may be destroyed by chemical, thermal, and biochemical processes. These processes may occur intentionally (e.g., incineration), unintentionally, or metabolically. Because of their high thermodynamic stability, all degradation mechanisms are difficult. Copyright Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ for details. Source: Wikipedia, Polychlorinated biphenyl

Coolants and insulators were usually Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) until they were restricted for environmental reasons. They are concentrated by the predator food chain and lipophilic. Found esp. in fish. Source: Regenstrief Institute

The only North American producer, Monsanto Company, marketed chemical mixtures of PCBs under the trade name Aroclor from 1930 to 1977. The PCBs mixtures were made up of a variety of individual chlorinated biphenyl components, known as congeners (e.g. 2,2',5-Trichlorobiphenyl). The chemical mixtures were sold under trade names followed by a 4 digit number. The first two digits generally refer to the number of carbon atoms in the biphenyl skeleton (for PCBs this is 12), the second two numbers indicate the percentage of chlorine by mass in the mixture. Thus, Aroclor 1260 has 12 carbon atoms and contains 60% chlorine by mass. An exception is Aroclor 1016, which also has 12 carbon atoms, but has 42% chlorine by mass. Different Aroclors were used at different times and for different applications. In electrical equipment manufacturing in the USA, Aroclor 1260 and Aroclor 1254 were the main mixtures used before 1950, Aroclor 1242 was the main mixture used in the 1950s and 1960s until it was phased out in 1971 and replaced by Aroclor 1016. Source: Regenstrief Help

Basic Part Properties

Part Display Name

Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)

Part Type

Component (Describes the core component or analyte measured)

Created On

2000-05-04

Construct for LOINC Short Name

PCB

Related Codes

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