Version 2.77

Descriptions

Rotaviruses cause significant gastrointestinal disease, primarily in children under 5 years old. Rotaviruses comprise a genus within the family Reoviridae with nine existing groups. Groups A, B and C (RVA, RVB and RVC) infect humans while all existing groups can infect animals. RV causes diarrhea by destroying the enterocytes in the small intestine. Recent studies confirm that rotavirus infection can also extend beyond the intestine. Examples of extraintestinal infection include the findings of the virus in the liver during autopsy, elevated liver enzymes during active infection and the demonstration of the virus replicating both in the liver and kidneys of a child suffering from immunodeficiency. PMID: 15367586
Rotaviruses (RVs) also cause severe diarrhea in animals. Research has revealed that pigs can suffer both single and mixed concurrent infections with more than one Rotavirus group. In one study, pigs that had been vaccinated against one strain of RVA were still part of a diarrhea outbreak later and found to have both single and mixed infections that included RVB, RVC and RVH as well as RVA strains that were not part of the vaccine. This suggests that diagnostic testing for multiple RV groups should be included when testing a swine herd for enteric diseases even after they have been vaccinated against a single strain.
PMID: 27599939 Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Rotaviruses are non-enveloped, multilayered, icosahedral viruses composed of an outer layer, an inner layer, and a core. After the immature, double-layered virus is assembled in the host cell cytoplasm, they bud across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and acquire a temporary membrane that has on its surface the ER resident viral glycoproteins NSP4, VP4 and VP7. The virus loses its temporary membrane and the NSP4 glycoprotein as it moves toward the center of the ER cisternae. The VP4 and VP7 proteins are pushed to the outermost membrane layer and become the mature triple-layered rotavirus. The outer capsid glycoprotein VP7 is believed to be important for the attachment to and entry in the host cell. After it enters the host cell, the VP7 glycoprotein is lost. [UniProt: Q89865] When the host cell lyses, the mature virus are released. There are eight groups of rotavirus, A through H. Groups A, B, C, and H are associated with an acute gastroenteritis and are found in humans and animals. Groups D, E, F, and G are found only in animals. Rotavirus A (RVA) are the cause an acute gastroenteritis in children and animals. RVA is the most common infectious organism to cause severe gastroenteritis in children less than 3 years of age. It is estimated that 95% of children worldwide between the ages of 3 and 5 will become infected with RVA. Approximately 8000 children under 5 years of age in Latin America and the Caribbean die of acute enteritis caused by RVA. PMID: 2556635[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004268220700400X?via%3Dihub] PMID: 27462899 Source: Regenstrief LOINC

Basic Part Properties

Part Display Name
Rotavirus A
Part Type
Component (Describes the core component or analyte measured)
Created On
2015-12-22
Construct for LOINC Short Name
RVA

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Language Variants Get Info

Tag Language Translation
zh-CN Chinese (China) 轮状病毒 A 组
Synonyms: 轮状病毒（ROTAV、RV） A 组;A 组轮状病毒
es-ES Spanish (Spain) Rotavirus A
it-IT Italian (Italy) Rotavirus A
nl-NL Dutch (Netherlands) Rotavirus A
pl-PL Polish (Poland) Rotawirus grupy A