LP175750-1

Ganglioside GM1

Active

Descriptions

Ganglioside antibodies are associated with diverse peripheral neuropathies. Elevated antibody levels to ganglioside-monosialic acid (GM1) are associated with motor or sensorimotor neuropathies, particularly multifocal motor neuropathy. Anti-GM1 may occur as IgM (polyclonal or monoclonal) or IgG antibodies. These antibodies may also be found in patients with diverse connective tissue diseases as well as normal individuals. Source: ARUP Laboratories, GM1

Gangliosides are molecules present on the plasma membrane of cells throughout the body and are especially prevalent in the nervous system, where they are involved in neuronal development and regeneration. Various gangliosides have been associated with different diseases. Both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) have been associated with anti-ganglioside antibodies. However, anti-GM1 antibodies are present in approximately 50% of patients with MMN and may be useful in distinguishing ALS from MMN. This distinction is important because in contrast to ALS, MMN responds to immunomodulatory treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins and when treated, does not decrease life expectancy. PMID: 25875836 Source: Regenstrief LOINC, PMID: 25875836

Gangliosides are a family of molecules that are present throughout the body but especially prevalent in cells of the nervous system. Specific gangliosides are named for the carbohydrate sequence they contain and have a unique distribution within the nervous system. The oligosaccharide groups on gangliosides act as cell surface markers that play a role in cellular recognition and cell-to-cell communication, and they also act as specific receptors for certain pituitary glycoprotein hormones and certain bacterial protein toxins such as cholera toxin.
Anti-ganglioside antibodies, primarily IgG, are present in the sera from approximately 60% of patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and antibodies against different gangliosides are associated with different forms of GBS.
1. Antibodies against GD1a/GD1b and GD1b/GT1b complexes have been found in patients with more severe GBS requiring mechanical ventilation;
2. Antibodies against GM1 or those against GalNAc-GD1a have been associated with acute motor axonal neuropathy;
3. Anti-GQ1b antibodies are specifically associated with a variant of GBS called Fisher syndrome, which is characterized by ophthalmoplegia and ataxia.
Detection of specific markers early in the course of GBS may help guide the plan of care. PMID: 21214559 Source: Regenstrief LOINC, PMID: 2121455

Basic Part Properties

Part Display Name

Ganglioside GM1

Part Type

Divisors (Divisors only)

Created On

2013-11-23

Construct for LOINC Short Name

GM1 Gangl

LOINC Terminology Service (API) using HL7^® FHIR^® Get Info

Requests to this service require a free LOINC username and password. Below is a sample of the possible capabilities. See the LOINC Terminology Service documentation for more information.

CodeSystem lookup

https://fhir.loinc.org/CodeSystem/$lookup?system=http://loinc.org&code=LP175750-1

Language Variants Get Info

LOINC Copyright

Copyright © 2024 Regenstrief Institute, Inc. All Rights Reserved. To the extent included herein, the LOINC table and LOINC codes are copyright © 1995-2024, Regenstrief Institute, Inc. and the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) Committee. See https://loinc.org/license for the full LOINC copyright and license.